Harvard Citation Guide: How do I Cite?

Harvard Citation Guides 
This site provides guidance and examples for citing numerous source types in Harvard style.

To cite an online journal article in a reference entry in Harvard include the following elements:

1. Author(s) of the online journal article: Give the last name and initials (e. g. Watson, J.) of up to three authors with the last name preceded by 'and'. For four authors or more include the first name followed by et al., unless your institution requires referencing of all named authors.
2. Year of publication: Give the year in round brackets.
3. Title of the online journal article: Give the title of the article in single quotation marks.
4. Title of the journal: Give the title in italics and capitalize the first letter of the first word and proper nouns.
5. Volume number: Give the volume number.
6. Issue number: Give the issue number and, if given, the month or season.
7. Page numbers: Give the full page range or page number.
8. DOI: Include the digital object identifier (DOI).

EXAMPLE: Journal article with a DOI

Langner, M., and Imbach, R. (2000) 'The University of Freiburg: A Model for a Bilingual University', Higher Education in Europe, 25(4), pp. 461–468. https://doi.org/10.1080/03797720120037796.

To cite a book in a reference entry in Harvard include the following elements:

1. Author(s) of the book: Give the last name and initials (e. g. Watson, J.) of up to three authors with the last name preceded by 'and'. For four authors or more include the first name followed by et al., unless your institution requires referencing of all named authors.
2. Year of publication: Give the year in round brackets.
3. Title of the book: Book titles are italicized. Only the first letter of the first word and proper nouns are capitalized.
4. Edition: Include the edition number only if it is not the first. End this element with 'edn.' If it is a revised edition abbreviate as 'rev. edn.'
5. Place of publication: List the city and the US state using the two-letter abbreviation. Spell out country names if outside of the UK or the USA.
6. Publisher: Give the name of the publisher.

EXAMPLE: Book with a single author

King, S. (1986) It. New York, NY: Viking Press.

EXAMPLE: Book with two authors

King, S. and Straub, P. (1984) The Talisman. New York, NY: Viking Press.

EXAMPLE: Book with four or more authors

Young, H.D. et al. (2015) Sears and Zemansky's university physics. San Francisco, CA: Addison-Wesley.

To cite a website in a reference entry in Harvard include the following elements:

1. Author(s) of the website: Give the last name and initials (e. g. Watson, J.) of up to three authors with the last name preceded by 'and'. For four authors or more include the first name followed by et al., unless your institution requires referencing of all named authors.
2. Year of publication: Give the year in round brackets.
3. Title of the website: Give the title as presented in the source. Only the first letter of the first word and proper nouns are capitalized.
4. URL: Give the full URL of the web page including the protocol (http:// or https://).
5. Date of access: Give the day month and year.

EXAMPLE: A website by one author

Mitzewich, J. (2007) Food Wishes. Available at: https://foodwishes.blogspot.com/ (Accessed: 3 December 2016).

EXAMPLE: A website without an author

HelloGiggles: A Positive Community for Women (2011) Available at: https://hellogiggles.com (Accessed: 15 June 2016).

EXAMPLE: Blog post

Torres, P. (2019) 'Why We Should Think Twice About Colonizing Space', Nautilus, 18 February. Available at: https://nautil.us/blog/-why-we-should-think-twice-about-colonizing-space (Accessed: 3 December 2019).

EXAMPLE: Online news article

Greenslade, R. (2018) 'Opinion is valued more than fact in this digital era', The Guardian, 29 July. Available at: from https://www.theguardian.com/ (Accessed: 2 September 2019).